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Power steering is often taken for granted as a modern automotive marvel. However, as this highly intricate system ages, its imperfections become more apparent.

If you have noticed a power steering assist fault warning light on your dashboard, or are experiencing difficulty controlling your vehicle, it is crucial to understand how to address this issue.

This guide delves into the technology behind power steering assist and explores potential causes of problems. We help with both problem diagnosis and offer a detailed explanation of the repair procedure. Finally, we provide an estimated repair cost for the system that accounts for all required repairs.

What is power steering assist?



The term "power steering assist" pertains to the mechanical assistance applied to enhance steering control. In the past, steering a vehicle involved a two-handed grip on the wheel and substantial effort.

Commercial use of power steering began in 1951 with the introduction of hydraulic power assistance, notably in the 1951 Chrysler Imperial.

This technology became indispensable for the next 50 years. Now, the EPAS (electronic power assisted steering) system is available.

This system utilizes an electric motor for steering assistance while still relying on hydraulic fluid and a hydraulic pump. Unlike traditional hydraulic power steering systems, it employs an electric pump to pressurize the fluid for steering assistance.

Causes and fixes of power steering assist fault



Here are the primary reasons for power steering assist malfunctions, along with the corresponding solutions. This information will help you identify and address the issue effectively when the warning message appears.

Failed power steering pump

Your Ford power steering system is equipped with a pump that pressurizes hydraulic fluid to facilitate smoother steering. When the power steering pump malfunctions, the fluid flow becomes insufficient, resulting in stiffer steering and reduced handling ease.

Indications of a failing power steering pump include steering noise, diminished steering assistance, and fluid leaks.

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What to do

While power steering pump failures are relatively uncommon, they can still occur. If you observe any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is advisable to have your vehicle scanned.

It is possible that the pump is malfunctioning and requires replacement. To prevent potential damage to other vehicle components, it is recommended to entrust this task to a professional.

Defective steering angle sensor



A malfunctioning steering angle sensor can trigger the "steering assist fault service required" message. This critical component of the power steering system is responsible for monitoring the degree and direction of your wheel turns.

Positioned behind the steering wheel, the sensor can fail, causing it to provide incorrect angle readings, which leads to the power steering assist fault warning. You may also notice issues with traction and vehicle control.

What to do

Addressing a faulty steering angle sensor involves replacing the entire sensor. However, this is not a DIY task. It is highly recommended to enlist the services of a Ford dealer or a certified technician to handle the replacement.

This is a delicate procedure that typically requires the removal of the steering wheel. During the diagnostic process, the error code related to the sensor issue will become evident. Even if the wheel alignment appears fine, it is crucial to address the sensor problem appropriately.

Low or leaking hydraulic fluid



In a power steering system, low or leaking hydraulic fluid can result in challenging maneuvering. When the fluid level drops, you will experience increased difficulty in turning your vehicle. Fluid leaks are a common cause of low fluid levels.

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What to do

If you suspect a fluid leak, it is essential to contact your technician to address and repair the source of the leak before replenishing the fluid.

Regularly changing the power steering fluid is a reliable method to prevent such issues. Your owner's manual provides guidance on the recommended intervals for fluid replacement. Prior to taking any action, it is advisable to conduct a diagnostic test to pinpoint the exact problem.

Bad power steering belt

Depending on your Ford model, it may use a V-belt or serpentine belt to transfer power from the engine pulley to the power steering pump.

Over time, these belts can wear out, leading to increased steering effort. Besides regular wear and tear, various factors can contribute to accelerated belt degradation such as underside cracks, rapid sidewall wear, belt quality issues, and cracked bushings.

What to do

In the case of a failing power steering belt, replacement is the only solution. If the belt breaks entirely, you will find it extremely challenging to turn the steering wheel.

Fortunately, replacing the belt in your Ford vehicle is a task that can be accomplished without professional assistance.

How to fix a failed Ford torque sensor



Replacing a failed torque sensor that triggers the "steering assist malfunction service required" warning on your Ford can be a complex process, but here is a step-by-step guide to help you with the task.

Supplies needed:

• A 90-degree pick
  
• A pair of pliers
  
• Alignment tools
  
• A flathead screwdriver
  
• A tab
  

Step 1

Jack up the front wheel to create adequate ground clearance. Lift the entire front wheel off the ground. Make sure the wheels are positioned straight, and the steering wheel is set at 11 o'clock. Then, remove the lower and upper steering columns. Consult your owner's manual for guidance.

Step 2

Disassemble the bad torque sensor and align the steering shaft keyway slot with the diamond-shaped sensor bound markings. By gently tapping the two front wheels, remove the faulty torque sensor.

To do this, lift the opposite side of the sensor's body with the 90-degree pick while pulling the connecting wire upwards. Ensure you insert the tab into the steering column before fitting the tool spline into the keyway.

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Step 3

Install the new torque sensor. Prevent any movement of the steering column to avoid misalignment. Verify that the lock pin is securely in place.

As you raise the sensor spline, align it with the shaft's keyway slot. Using your thumb, push and insert the sensor into the steering shaft, securely seating it in place with the alignment tool.

Step 4

Realign, if necessary, to ensure the torque sensor is properly aligned. Make sure the locking pin is inside the window without touching any side of the sensor.

If it does touch the sensor, you will need to realign the torque sensor. Perform this task carefully. If you are not confident, consider seeking professional assistance to ensure a successful replacement.

Advancements in automobile automation are continually progressing. Manufacturers like Ford are constantly seeking methods to minimize the mechanical components vulnerable to wear and tear.

However, they must strike a balance between innovation and maintaining a convenient and safe driving experience. Ford vehicle owners should stay informed about their vehicles' potential vulnerabilities, including issues with the EPAS, and learn how to address them effectively.